Protein function
Encodes a subunit of the
COP1/SPA E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex.
Phenotype
Single mutant: spa1 single mutant is early flowering under SD conditions only.
[Chen et al., 2010][Laubinger et al., 2006][Ishikawa et al., 2006][Zuo et al., 2011] Multiple mutant: spa1,
spa3, and
spa4 mutations has additive effects and lead to an early-flowering phenotype under both SD and LD conditions. ( The phenotype is stronger under SD conditions. The early flowering-time phenotype of the multiple mutant requires
spa1 mutation, since
spa2;
spa3;
spa4 multiple mutant shows only minor flowering time alterations.)
[Laubinger et al., 2006][Laubinger et al., 2006][Balcerowicz et al., 2011] Function:Controls normal photoperiodic flowering and regulates circadian rhythms. Required for suppression of photomorphogenesis in dark-grown seedlings and for normal elongation growth of adult plants. Integral component of the COP1/SPA E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex. Involved in HY5, HFR1, LAF1 and CO degradation.
[Data from UniProt]
Regulators, targets and interactors
Downstream actors
causality CO --
[Jang et al., 2008][Liu et al., 2008][Laubinger et al., 2006] --
[View TAIR record] Upstream actors
causality CRY1 --
[Zuo et al., 2011][Li et al., 2011][Liu et al., 2011][Lian et al., 2011] --
[View TAIR record]CRY2 --
[Zuo et al., 2011][Li et al., 2011][Liu et al., 2011][Lian et al., 2011] --
[View TAIR record] Protein-protein interactions
CRY2 --
[Zuo et al., 2011][Li et al., 2011][Liu et al., 2011][Lian et al., 2011] --
[View TAIR record]COP1 --
[Hoecker et al., 2001][Saijo et al., 2003][Laubinger et al., 2004][Zhu et al., 2008] --
[View TAIR record]CRY1 --
[Zuo et al., 2011][Li et al., 2011][Liu et al., 2011][Lian et al., 2011] --
[View TAIR record]CUL4 --
[Zhu et al., 2015][Chen et al., 2010] --
[View TAIR record]